Except under exceptional circumstances, NASA civil service employees are required to be US citizens. The agency's administration is located at NASA Headquarters in Washington, DC, and provides overall guidance and direction. 4.2 Partnership with the United States Space Force.3.3.7 Study of Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (2022–present).3.3.6 In-space power and propulsion using nuclear energy (ongoing).3.3.5 Human Research Program (2005–present).3.3.4 Sounding Rocket Program (1959–present).3.3.2 Earth Sciences Program (1965–present).
3.3.1.2 Next Generation Air Transportation System Research (2007–present).3.2.2 Inner Solar System (including Mars).3.1.5 Commercial LEO Development (2021–present).3.1.3 Commercial Crew Program (2011–present).3.1.2 Commercial Resupply Services (2008–present).3.1.1 International Space Station (1993–present).NASA's science is focused on better understanding Earth through the Earth Observing System advancing heliophysics through the efforts of the Science Mission Directorate's Heliophysics Research Program exploring bodies throughout the Solar System with advanced robotic spacecraft such as New Horizons and researching astrophysics topics, such as the Big Bang, through the Great Observatories and associated programs. The agency is also responsible for the Launch Services Program, which provides oversight of launch operations and countdown management for uncrewed NASA launches. NASA is supporting the International Space Station and is overseeing the development of the Orion spacecraft, the Space Launch System, Commercial Crew vehicles, and the planned Lunar Gateway space station. Since its establishment, most American space exploration efforts have been led by NASA, including the Apollo Moon landing missions, the Skylab space station, and later the Space Shuttle. NASA was established in 1958, succeeding the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), to give the US space development effort a distinctly civilian orientation, emphasizing peaceful applications in space science. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration ( NASA / ˈ n æ s ə/) is an independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research.
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